How to Upload Files on Compute Engine

Linux

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To transfer files to Compute Engine VM instances, unlike options are available depending on your workstation Bone and the target VM instance Bone.

Transfer from	To Linux VMs
Linux or macOS	Cloud Storage Google Cloud CLI SSH in the browser SCP
Windows	Cloud Storage Google Cloud CLI WinSCP

Transfer files through Cloud Storage

Cloud Storage buckets can be a convenient intermediate transfer betoken between yous and your VMs.

This file transfer method works on almost all operating systems and VM types every bit long equally your VM has access to your Deject Storage bucket through a service account or through your personal user credentials.

Upload your files from your workstation to a Deject Storage bucket. And so, download those files from the bucket to your instances.

1. Create a Cloud Storage saucepan or place an existing saucepan that you lot desire to utilize to transfer files.
2. From your workstation, upload files to the saucepan.
3. Connect to your VM using SSH.
4. On your VM, download files from the bucket.

If yous demand to transfer files in the other direction, opposite the process. Upload the files from your VM, and and so download those files to your workstation.

Transfer files using SSH in the browser

If y'all tin establish an SSH connection to a VM using the SSH from the Browser window, you can use that connectedness to transfer files to the VM.

1. In the Cloud Console, become to the VM instances folio.

   Go to VM instances

2. In the list of virtual auto instances, click SSH in the row of the instance that you want to connect to.

   

3. After the connectedness is established, click the gear icon in the upper right of the SSH from the Browser window and select Upload file. Alternatively, select Download file to download a file from the VM.
   
4. The transfer dialog opens. Specify which file y'all want to transfer.

If you lot uploaded a file, the file is in your /domicile/USER directory.

If you downloaded a file, the file is in the default download folder on your local workstation.

Transfer files using the Google Deject CLI

The Google Cloud CLI provides an SCP file transfer utility, creating an SSH key pair for you lot the offset time yous connect. Your private key is stored on your local device and its corresponding public central is copied to project or VM example metadata.

To transfer files using SCP, you must have a firewall rule on the network that your VM uses that allows SSH connections on port 22. You tin can verify that this firewall rules exists by looking for a firewall dominion that allows tcp:22 connections in the Google Deject Panel.

Go to Firewall rules

If you don't have a firewall rule that allows SSH connections on port 22, create the firewall dominion.

You lot tin install the gcloud CLI and use information technology to copy files and directories to your VM using the scp command.

The post-obit example copies a file from your workstation to the home directory of the VM.

gcloud compute scp          LOCAL_FILE_PATH          VM_NAME:~        

Replace the following:

• LOCAL_FILE_PATH : the path to the file on your workstation
• VM_NAME : the proper noun of your VM

Y'all can also re-create files and directories from a VM to your local workstation. The following example recursively copies a directory from your VM (the source) to your local workstation (the destination).

gcloud compute scp --recurse          VM_NAME:REMOTE_DIR          LOCAL_DIR        

Replace the following:

• VM_NAME : the name of the VM
• REMOTE_DIR : the path to the directory on your VM
• LOCAL_DIR : the path where you want to put the directory on your workstation

For more information, see the gcloud compute scp reference documentation.

Transfer files using SCP on Linux and macOS workstations

The scp command-line tool works similarly to the gcloud compute scp control but requires you to manually manage your SSH keys.

To transfer files using SCP, you must have a firewall rule on the network that your VM uses that allows SSH connections on port 22. You lot tin verify that this firewall rules exists by looking for a firewall dominion that allows tcp:22 connections in the Google Deject Console.

Go to Firewall rules

If you don't have a firewall rule that allows SSH connections on port 22, create the firewall rule.

The scp tool uses the same key files that you use to connect to your instances using standard SSH.

1. If you accept not yet applied a public key to your Google Cloud Console projection or VM instance, create an SSH key pair and add the public key to project or instance metadata.

2. Find the external IP for the VM that you lot want to send files to. In the Google Cloud Console, get to the VM instances page.

   Get to VM instances

3. Use the scp tool to re-create a file from your workstation to the home directory of the target VM. For this case, the individual key is at ~/.ssh/my-ssh-key.

   scp -i ~/.ssh/my-ssh-fundamental              LOCAL_FILE_PATH              USERNAME@IP_ADDRESS:~            

   Replace the following:

   • LOCAL_FILE_PATH : the name of the local file that you desire to upload
   • USERNAME : your username
   • IP-Accost : the external IP address for your VM

Yous can also re-create files from a VM to your local workstation by reversing the source and destination variables. For this example, re-create a file from your VM to a path on your workstation.

scp -i ~/.ssh/my-ssh-key          USERNAME@IP_ADDRESS:REMOTE_FILE_PATH          LOCAL_FILE_PATH        

Replace the following:

• USERNAME : your username
• IP_ADDRESS : the external IP accost for your VM
• REMOTE_FILE_PATH : the proper name of the remote file that you want to download
• LOCAL_FILE_PATH : the location on your workstation where y'all want to download the file to

Transfer files using WinSCP on Windows workstations

On Windows workstations, the WinSCP client lets you manage files on your instances through a graphical file browser interface.

WinSCP uses the same central files that y'all use to connect to your instances using PuTTY.

1. Do the post-obit if you haven't configured key-based SSH authentication for your example:

   1. Create an SSH fundamental pair.

   2. Add your public SSH cardinal to your project's metadata or to your VM's metadata. For more information, see Add together SSH keys to projection metadata or Add together SSH keys to example metadata.

2. Find the external IP for the VM that y'all want to transport files to.

   1. In the Google Cloud Console, go to the VM instances page.

      Get to VM instances

   2. In the list of VMs, discover the external IP address in the External IP column for your VM.

3. Download and install WinSCP. The default install settings work for most users.

4. Starting time the WinSCP program. A login window opens where you tin configure your connexion settings.

5. In WinSCP, configure your connection settings.

   1. Select SCP as the file transfer protocol in the File protocol field.

   2. In the Host Name field, specify the external IP address for the VM that you desire to connect to.

   3. In the User name field, specify the Google username that you utilise to access your project. For this case, the user is example-user.

      

6. Click the Advanced drib-downwards listing to open the advanced settings, and navigate to SSH > Authentication.

7. In the Individual cardinal file box, specify the path to your private key file of the SSH fundamental pair that you created for the VM.

   

8. Click Ok to salve the advanced settings.

9. Click Login to connect to your VM. If the connectedness is successful, the window opens your local file system on the left and the VM's file organisation on the right. You can navigate to dissimilar directories in these file systems and elevate files to transfer them to and from your VM.

10. You likely do not have permission to manage near files outside of your abode directory of the VM. Navigate to the domicile directory of the VM:

    /home/USERNAME            

11. Use the WinSCP interface to move files between your workstation and the VM.

12. After you copy your files to the VM, connect to your instance then that you lot can execute or movement files with full sudo permissions.

What's next

• Connect to your instances to use the files that you uploaded.

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Source: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/transfer-files#:~:text=In%20the%20Cloud%20Console%2C%20go%20to%20the%20VM%20instances%20page.&text=In%20the%20list%20of%20virtual,window%20and%20select%20Upload%20file.

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